New York Tattoo License Practice Test

What purpose does detergent serve in cleaning?

1. A substance that kills bacteria on surfaces

2. A liquid that removes all dirt and impurities

3. A substance that enhances the cleaning action of water

4. A chemical that disinfects surfaces thoroughly

The correct answer is: A substance that enhances the cleaning action of water

The role of detergent in cleaning is fundamentally to enhance the cleaning action of water. Detergents contain surfactants, which are compounds that lower the surface tension of water, making it easier for the water to spread and penetrate into surfaces, fabrics, and dirt. This action allows for the effective removal of grease, oil, and other substances that may be difficult to clean with water alone. Detergents also help to suspend dirt and grime in the water, preventing it from redepositing onto the surfaces being cleaned. While some detergents may have antimicrobial properties, their primary purpose is not to disinfect but to improve the physical act of cleaning. Therefore, the correct response emphasizes the fundamental role of detergent in the cleaning process, distinguishing it from other cleaning agents that may focus specifically on disinfection or total impurity removal.